• ✅ Optimizing fuel delivery to match air intake for better combustion efficiency.
• ✅ Adjusting injector timing and duration for improved power and response.
• ✅ Enhancing fuel pressure in direct injection systems for better atomization.
• ✅ Restoring full fuel enrichment – For over 30 years, production cars have had fuel mixture limitations imposed by emissions regulations, often to the detriment of power and engine longevity.
• ✅ We can reintroduce proper fuel enrichment, particularly on turbocharged engines, where additional fuel can provide better cooling, protection against detonation, and improved power output.
• ✅ By carefully adjusting the fuel mixture, we can maximize power safely without excessive emissions or engine stress.
• ✅ In diesel engines, we can enrich the fuel mixture, increasing power but also generating more black smoke. However, this comes with increased Exhaust Gas Temperatures (EGT) and cylinder stress, which must be considered before opting for a high-power tune.

Higher octane fuels allow for ignition timing adjustments to increase power safely. We can:

• ✅ Advancing or retarding ignition timing for optimal power and efficiency.
• ✅ Adjusting knock control strategies to allow for safer ignition timing improvements.
• ✅ Adapting ignition timing for higher octane fuel – Higher octane fuel resists detonation (knock), which is a major limiting factor in tuning. By adjusting ignition timing to take advantage of high-octane fuel, we can safely extract more power and efficiency from the engine.

Turbocharged vehicles can see major gains from proper boost adjustments, such as:

• ✅ Increasing turbo boost levels within safe limits to enhance airflow and power.
• ✅ Optimizing wastegate control to improve turbo spool and boost response.
• ✅ Adjusting boost pressure targets based on load and RPM for better drivability.
• ✅ Modifying Variable Valve Timing (VVT) to improve turbo spool – By adjusting camshaft overlap and intake timing, we can improve exhaust scavenging, allowing the turbo to spool faster and more efficiently. This helps reduce turbo lag and provides a more responsive power delivery, especially at low RPM.

Modern ECUs have multiple torque limiters in place to protect components such as the turbo, gearbox, and clutch. These limits are based on various parameters, including:

• Exhaust Gas Temperatures (EGT)
  Protects the turbo and exhaust system.
• Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) temperatures
  Ensures emissions compliance
  and prevents overheating.
• Gearbox Torque Limits
  Protects DSG, Tiptronic, and automatic transmissions.
• Drivetrain Protection
  Prevents excessive torque delivery in low gears.
• Engine Coolant Temperature Torque Limits
  Limits engine output if coolant temperatures exceed
  safe levels to prevent overheating and engine damage.
• External Temperature Torque Limits
  Some ECUs reduce torque in extreme weather
  conditions to prevent stress on components.
• We can modify these limits to maximize performance
  while ensuring safe operation for the vehicle.

• ✅ 2D and 3D calibration curves – Used for boost pressure, fuel delivery, ignition timing, torque requests, and many other parameters.
• ✅ Switches and limiters – Enable or disable features like start-stop, speed limiters, or emission-related functions.
• ✅ Torque models and driver behavior adaptation – Many ECUs dynamically adjust performance based on driving style, requiring careful tuning to maintain consistency.

Some high-performance cars, like the BMW M5, take this complexity even further—running a dedicated ECU for each bank of cylinders to ensure precise fuel and ignition control across the entire engine. This level of control allows for highly optimized performance but also means tuning requires a much deeper understanding of how all the systems interact.

Because of this complexity, every remap we create is custom-tailored to the vehicle and the driver’s requirements. We carefully analyze how all the maps work together to ensure the best balance of performance, efficiency, and reliability.

Some tuners simply resell off-the-shelf tuning files developed by others. While these may work, they are not customized to your car and often fail to maximize performance.

Even reputable brands like REVO and APR create quality tunes, but they assume all vehicles behave identically, which is rarely the case. These dealer network tunes are installed by tuners who cannot develop software themselves.

Some tuners develop their own software, with varying levels of quality. A few are highly skilled, but many make changes without fully understanding the consequences.

• Has the software even been tested?
• Have they used a dyno to develop it, or is your car the test subject?
• Poorly developed software can lead to instability.
• Excessive stress on components reduces reliability.
• Inconsistent power delivery and drivability issues.

At Llandow Tuning, we offer a different approach. Our background in electronics, software development, reverse engineering, and advanced software engineering gives us a unique advantage.

We don’t just modify maps—we understand the logic behind ECU programming, allowing us to create bespoke solutions tailored to your vehicle.

We are not aware of any other tuner in Wales with our level of experience and skillset who has been independently tuning cars for as long as we have.

Our goal is to provide custom, high-quality remaps that ensure the best balance of performance, reliability, and drivability.

A well-executed remap can dramatically improve performance while maintaining reliability. However, pushing an engine beyond safe limits increases wear and risk of failure. We can help you find the right balance.

If you have any questions about tuning your vehicle, get in touch—we’d be happy to advise on the best solution for your car!